881 research outputs found
Guanosine nucleotides regulate B2 kinin receptor affinity of agonists but not of antagonists: Discussion of a model proposing receptor precoupling to G protein
The effect of nucleotides on binding of the B2 kinin (BK) receptor agonist {[}H-3]BK and the antagonist {[}H-3]NPC17731 to particulate fractions of human foreskin fibroblasts was studied. At 0 degrees C, particulate fractions exhibited a single class of binding sites with a Kd of 2.3 nM for {[}H-3]BK and a K-d Of 3.8 nM for the antagonist {[}H-3]NPC17731. Incubation with radioligands at 37 degrees C for 5 min gave a reduction of agonist, as well as antagonist, binding that was between 0-40% depending on the preparation, even in the absence of guanosine nucleotides. As shown by Scatchard analysis, this reduction in specific binding was due to a shift in the affinity of at least a fraction of the receptors. The presence at 37 degrees C of the guanine nucleotides GTP, GDP and their poorly hydrolyzable analogs left {[}H-3]-NPC17731 binding unaffected, but reduced the receptor affinity for {[}H-3]BK to a K-d Of about 15 nM. The maximal number of receptors, however, was unchanged. This affinity change was strongly dependent on the presence of bivalent cations, in particular Mg2+. It was reversed by incubation at 0 degrees C, The rank order of the guanosine nucleotides for {[}H-3]BK binding reduction was GTP{[}gamma S] = Gpp{[}NH]p > GTP = GDP > GDP{[}beta S]. GMP, ATP, ADP and AMP showed no influence on agonist binding. A model for the interaction of the B2 kinin receptor with G proteins is discussed
Gene Therapy of Bone Morphogenetic Protein for Periodontal Tissue Engineering
Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/141217/1/jper0202.pd
Making Maps Available for Play: Analyzing the Design of Game Cartography Interfaces.
Maps in video games have grown into complex interactive systems alongside video games themselves. What
map systems have done and currently do have not been cataloged or evaluated. We trace the history of
game map interfaces from their paper-based inspiration to their current smart phone-like appearance. Read-
only map interfaces enable players to consume maps, which is sufficient for wayfinding. Game cartography
interfaces enable players to persistently modify maps, expanding the range of activity to support planning and
coordination. We employ thematic analysis on game cartography interfaces, contributing a near-exhaustive
catalog of games featuring such interfaces, a set of properties to describe and design such interfaces, a
collection of play activities that relate to cartography, and a framework to identify what properties promote
the activities. We expect that designers will find the contributions enable them to promote desired play
experiences through game map interface design
The induction of obesity in the rat with bipiperidyl mustard
Lesions in the ventromedial region of the hypothalamus were shown by Hetherington &
Ranson (1940) to produce hyperphagia and obesity in the rat. The chemical agents gold
thioglucose (GTG; Brecher & Waxler, 1949) and bipiperidyl mustard (BPM; Rutman
et al. 1966) which are widely used to induce obesity in mice also produce lesions in this
region of the hypothalamus (Marshall et al. 1955; Rutman et al. 1966). The use of GTG to
induce obesity in the rat has proved to be unsuitable for widespread use and would be very
expensive (Mayer & Marshall, 1956; Wagner & de Groot 1963). Bunyan et al. (1976) have
shown that monosodium glutamate administered to newborn rats and mice produces
obesity without hyperphagia.
Miller (1979) has recently reviewed non-genetic models of obesity and has summarized
methods which produce a high proportion of obese mice, with low mortality, using monosodium
glutamate or gold thioglucose, but although he mentions the use of BPM in mice
he does not recommend it because it is carcinogenic and difficult to obtain. He concludes
that in all the models of obesity efficiency of energy utilization is the most important factor
in the aetiology of the obesity.
We now report an experiment in which obesity has been induced in the rat without mortality
and inexpensively using BPM
Constraining fundamental constants of physics with quasar absorption line systems
We summarize the attempts by our group and others to derive constraints on
variations of fundamental constants over cosmic time using quasar absorption
lines. Most upper limits reside in the range 0.5-1.5x10-5 at the 3sigma level
over a redshift range of approximately 0.5-2.5 for the fine-structure constant,
alpha, the proton-to-electron mass ratio, mu, and a combination of the proton
gyromagnetic factor and the two previous constants, gp(alpha^2/mu)^nu, for only
one claimed variation of alpha. It is therefore very important to perform new
measurements to improve the sensitivity of the numerous methods to at least
<0.1x10-5 which should be possible in the next few years. Future
instrumentations on ELTs in the optical and/or ALMA, EVLA and SKA pathfinders
in the radio will undoutedly boost this field by allowing to reach much better
signal-to-noise ratios at higher spectral resolution and to perform
measurements on molecules in the ISM of high redshift galaxies.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figure
Isotope shift calculations for atoms with one valence electron
This work presents a method for the ab initio calculation of isotope shift in
atoms and ions with one valence electron above closed shells. As a zero
approximation we use relativistic Hartree-Fock and then calculate correlation
corrections. The main motivation for developing the method comes from the need
to analyse whether different isotope abundances in early universe can
contribute to the observed anomalies in quasar absorption spectra. The current
best explanation for these anomalies is the assumption that the fine structure
constant, alpha, was smaller at early epoch. We test the isotope shift method
by comparing the calculated and experimental isotope shift for the alkali and
alkali-like atoms Na, MgII, K, CaII and BaII. The agreement is found to be
good. We then calculate the isotope shift for some astronomically relevant
transitions in SiII and SiIV, MgII, ZnII and GeII.Comment: 11 page
Trust schools and the politics of persuasion and the mobilisation of interest
This paper sets out the theoretical and methodological approach of a study of the politics of persuasion and the mobilisation of interest in relation to the Trust schools initiative in England. Drawing on the discourse theoretical approach of Laclau and Mouffe the paper argues that the politics of consensus associated with New Labour reconfigures the field of politics, closing down legitimate democratic space. Building on this approach and that of policy sociology the paper outlines how the researchers seeks to address the following questions – if the space for legitimate democratic debate is so severely constrained then how does a social democratic government deal with the kind of opposition that Labour faced in relation to Trust schools? How do governments persuade dissident citizens to support unpopular policies? How are citizens mobilised to support such policies? This also raises questions about how, in such a restricted political space, do those questioning or resisting such policies, engage in the politics of persuasion and the mobilisation of interests? The reconfiguration of the field of politics and what this means for the constitution of legitimate democratic debate is the object of study of the research
Long-term performance of surface impregnation of reinforced concrete structures with silane
The South Asia Research and Information Institute (SARII) in Dallas, Texas, USA, organizes a one-day conference on ”Cities, Courts, and Saints: Muslim Cultures of South Asia” on Saturday 22 September 2012, 09.00–17.00. The conference is co-organised by the The Asian Studies Program at Southern Methodist University, also in Dallas. Venue for the conference: McCord Auditorium, Dallas Hall, Southern Methodist University. his conference brings together the leading historians of South Asia and sp..
Fundamental Physical Constants: Looking from Different Angles
We consider fundamental physical constants which are among a few of the most
important pieces of information we have learned about Nature after its
intensive centuries-long studies. We discuss their multifunctional role in
modern physics including problems related to the art of measurement, natural
and practical units, origin of the constants, their possible calculability and
variability etc
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